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Objective @# To detect the composition of the subgingival microbiota in generalized aggressive periodontitis (GAgP) and severe chronic periodontitis (SCP) patients tested by high-throughput sequencing (HTS) technologies, analyze its diversity and function by using bioinformatics, and observe changes in the subgingival microbiota before and after periodontal initial therapy.@* Methods@#Eleven patients with GAgP and 14 patients with SCP who visited the Department of Periodontics in Stomatological Hospital of Kunming Medical University from September 2018 to May 2019 were recruited, and subgingival plaque samples were collected at baseline and 6 weeks after initial therapy. Then, the genomic DNA was distracted and sequenced by the Illumina MiSeq high-throughput sequencing platform. QIIME (quantitative insights in microbial ecology), Mothur, SPSS and other software were used to analyze community information. LEfSe difference analysis (linear discriminant analysis effect size), network analysis, and the KEGG PATHWAY database (https://www.kegg.jp/kegg/pathway.html) were used to predict community function. @* Results @# At baseline, the dominant microbiota of GAgP and SCP patients were similar, including Bacteroidetes, Porphyromonas and Porphyromonas endodontalis. Six weeks after initial therapy, as the periodontal pocket became shallower, the variation trend of the microbiota of GAgP and SCP patients was similar. The relative abundance of gram-negative bacteria, such as Bacteroidetes, Porphyromonas and Porphyromonas endodontalis, decreased, while the relative abundance of gram-positive bacteria, such as Proteobacteria, Actinomyces and Rothia aeria, increased. Actinobacteria were significantly increased biomarkers of the subgingival microbiota in GAgP after treatment. Streptococcus is an important genus that connects the microbiota related to periodontitis and the microbiota related to periodontal health. Community function prediction result showed that initial treatment can reduce the functions of amino acid metabolism, methane metabolism, and peptidase in GAgP and SCP patients.@*Conclusion@#The subgingival microbiota of GAgP and SCP patients are similar. Streptococcus, as an early colonizer, may play an important role in promoting plaque biofilm formation and maturation in the process of subgingival flora from health to imbalance. Initial therapy can change the composition and structure of the subgingival microbiota, reduce community diversity, and reduce the functions of amino acid metabolism, methane metabolism, and peptidase in GAgP and SCP patients.
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Objective To reveal fungal community composition and diversity in health and root rot of Coptis chinensis in rhizosphere soil. Methods High-throughput sequencing technology was used to characterize the fungal community composition, richness, and diversity of health and root rot Coptis chinensis in rhizosphere soil in Shizhu County of Chongqing Province. Spearman analysis was used to evaluate the correlation between soil physicochemical parameters and the first 35 most abundant fungal genera. Results More than 106 267 effective tags were obtained, and the community was composed of six phyla (Ascomycota, Zygomycota, Basidiomycota, Glomeromycota, Chytridiomycota, and Neocallimastigomycota). The fungal community diversity showed no significant difference in healthy and root rot samples. The relative abundance of Ascomycota, Basidiomycota and Chytridiomycota in root rot soil was significantly higher than that in healthy soil. Moreover, the relative abundance of Zygomycota, Glomeromycota, and Neocallimastigomycota in root rot soil was significantly lower than in healthy soil. The relative abundance of Fusarium was significantly higher in root rot samples than in healthy samples. Spearman analysis showed that the relative abundance of Fusarium was significantly positively correlated with pH and available phosphorus, but negatively correlated with alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen. Conclusion Changes in soil physicochemical characteristics were related to the changes in soil fungal diversity.
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Objective To investigate the species and diversity of acaroid mites community in home storages in Linquan ar-ea,Anhui Province.Methods The samples of 48 kinds of storages from the residents in Linquan County were collected,and the mites in them were separated in a microscope directly.Results Totally 19 species of acaroid mites belonging to 14 genera of 6 families were obtained from the 48 kinds of samples.The diversity analysis showed that the number of species,the species richness index and species diversity index of mites in the habitats were in the order of the other storages>drysaltery>grains.Conclusion The quantities of breeding acaroid mites in storages in Linquan area are much larger,meanwhile the species are also very rich,thus in order to reduce the harm of acaroid mites,we should take active measures to control their breeding.
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Bacteria, actinomycetes and fungi are the three major groups of soil microbes. Soil microbes play a critical role in ecological and biodegradation processes in petroleum-contaminated soils. Based on the actual situation, this study took the oil polluted soil around the abandoned oil well in Shehong County, Suining City, Sichuan Province as the test soil. First, we determined the physiochemical properties of the tested soil; then we analyzed the changes of physiochemical properties and the three major microbes in petroleum contaminated soils. The number of the three major microbes in contaminated soils was relatively fewer than uncontaminated samples, and the water content of the soil was in positive correlation with the number of microbes. Also we assessed the soil bacteria community diversity and changes therein in petroleum-contaminated soils using 454 pyrosequencing of 16S rRNA genes. No less than 23 982 valid reads and 6 123 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were obtained from all 4 studied samples. OTU richness was relatively higher in contaminated soils than uncontaminated samples. Acidobacteria, Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Chloroflexi, Planctomycetes and Proteobacteria were the dominant phyla among all the soil samples. However, the prokaryotes community abundance of phyla was significantly different in the four samples. The most abundant OTUs associated with petroleum-contaminated soil sample were the sequences related to Acidobacteria, Actinobacteria and Proteobacteria, whereas the most abundance sequences with uncontaminated sample were those related to Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteria.
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In April of 2008 water samples were collected from four different rivers,which were Wuchao gang River,Henggang River,Chaoyang River and Caoyanghuanbang River.During the sampling the physi-cal and chemical parameters were measured.The abundance and the diversity of the bacteria of these four rivers were studied.The results showed that the population level increased in the more severely polluted river while the bacterial diversity decreased;the bacterial community structure was also affected by the dif-ferent ecological conditions of each sampling spot.The bacterial composition and abundance was closely related to the water quality in the river.